Fica Vivo
The problem
If you want to see the results of the Fica Vivo program, run by the Minas Gerais government, set up for the kids at risk, then you need to wait a while. Wait for the time it takes for a kid to grow up and become an adult in a world which might treat them as expendable, as a tool. Wait for these kids. They are growing up in an environment where instability, domestic violence, and drug use have made the right decisions about who and where to hang out almost impossible.
ミナスジェラス政府による、リスクの中子供を育てる取組みの中からFicaVivoの例をみるのには、少し時間をかけた方がいい。使い捨ての割り箸の様に子供を扱う世界で子供が大人へとなるのにも時間が必要だ。子供たちをまってみよう。彼らはinstability、家庭内暴力という環境の中で育ち、そして薬物の使用が何処で、誰と過ごすかの正しい選択を奪っていく。
The rate of homicides is highest amongst kids from as young as 12, to 24. Death rates go up during teenage years because risk-taking behaviour naturally increases. Think of teenagers experimenting with drugs, driving too fast as soon as they pass their tests, retreating to their rooms because they cant trust themselves around people . The teenage brain undergoes changes during this stage of development that actually make it harder for teenagers to judge whether a particular course of action is risky.
12歳から24歳までの子供から若者の死亡率が最も高い。10代の死亡率が上昇しているのは、危険な行動に走るためだ。そう、１０代は薬物を試してみたり、運転免許を取れば自動車を思い切りのスピードで運転したり、周囲の誰も信じられなくなり部屋に引きこもってみたるするものだ。10代の脳はこの成長段階で変化を経験し、実際にどの行動が危険であるかの判断を狂わせている。
The exposure to drugs, alcoholism, and violence of a favela, plus the natural tendency of kids to make bad choices explains high rate of deaths amongst young Brazilians. This is a gut-wrenching, sickening waste, and the government along with educators and capoeiristas is trying to do something. That something is the Fica Vivo project.
若いブラジル人の間の死亡率の高さは、スラム街の薬物アルコールと暴力の中に身を置き、さらに子供たちの自然な傾向が悪い判断をしてしまうためだ。実に悲しいことだ。そこで、政府は教育者とカポエリスタとともに、何かをしようとしている。それこそが、Fica VIvoプロジェクトだ。
The program
The project involves many different cultural and sporting activities, from graffitti, to crafts, to soccor, and capoeira. While I was in Brazil I got to play capoeira and do workshops with many of the kids from this social project. I spoke with Professor Guinho, from Bantus Capoeira, about the work he does with them. Bolinha was kind enough to translate into Portuguese.
このプロジェクトは様々な文化的で、スポーツ的な活動、クラフト、サッカーそしてカポエイラ。ブラジル滞在中に社会プロジェクトからたくさんの子供たちとカポエイラとそのワークショップを一緒に行った。グループバントスカポエイラのプロジェッサー、ギーニョ氏と彼らが行っている活動について話した。ボリーニャがとても親切にポルトガル語を通訳してくれた。
Personal investment
I started off by asking him about his own experience with capoeira and the Bantus group. He told me that he had been playing capoeira, specifically the Angolan style for six years. He said that he would not join any other group, that he really found the philosophy of the Bantus group very appealing and meaningful to him. This struck me as very important.
When I was at university I was involved in a couple of week-long residential projects for kids at risk who had been referred from social services. Together with university students and adults who had physical or learning disabilities, we formed teams and did various activities such as put on a play or build a Chinese dragon. The experience was very powerful and worked well. However, I sometimes thought it would be more effective if the activity involved something that the volunteers were more personally invested in. Not just to ‘do something good for others’, valuable as this is, but to share an activity, a pursuit that is already very meaningful. It turns out that this investment makes all the difference.
私が大学に通っていたころ、数週間にわたる社会サービスに所属の子供たちへの住居プロジェクトに参加したことがあった。学習障害や身体障害の大人たちと大学生とが一緒になってチームを組み、お芝居を上演したり、中国の龍を作ったりと様々な活動を行った。この経験はとても力強く、とてもよく効いた。だけども、ボランティアが個人的に提供した物事を巻き込めれば、もっと素晴らしい活動になったのではないかと時々考えてしまっていた。他人のためになる何かをするだけではなく（もちろんそれは意義深いのだが）、既に意義深い研究や、活動を共有すれば、全く違った何かをできたはずだ。
Streetwise
Some social programs are run on the premise ‘get them off the streets’. In fact, capoeira is taken to the street, to the public space.
The community center where the Bantus 20th anniversary festival took place this August lacked the facilities the Bantus Capoeira Japan group enjoys. There is no changing room, the toilets are very basic, there are no showers. The lights failed a couple of times. There is no glass in the windows and no door. But this building is in a place where most of them live. Holding a festival in-situ is a big deal because it demonstrates to everyone that the community is about much more than the bad things shown in the media.
The main impression I got when I went into the community center to play capoeira with the Bantus kids was politeness, friendliness, and curiosity about their visitors from Japan. And of course, the incredible axe they brought to the roda.
社会的なプログラムは時に屋内で行い、彼らを道端に追いやってしまう。その実、カポエイラは道端で、公共スペースで行われるのだ。
日本のバントスグループが普段使っている設備の内いくつかは、８月のバントス20周年記念の祭典が行われたコミュニティーセンターには備わってなかった。
更衣室やシャワーはなく、トイレはとても簡素なものである。照明は何度か落ちるし、窓や扉にはガラスもなかった。だが、このビルは彼らの多くが住んでいる地域に建っているのだ。
祭典を本来の場所で行うのは大変だ、なぜならメディアで報じられているコミュニティが悪い事にとどまらないという事を皆に実証するからだ。
コミュニティセンターでバントスの子供たちとカポエイラを一緒にやったときの一番の印象は、彼らは礼儀よく、友好的で、日本からの訪問者に大して好奇心が旺盛だったということだ。
それにもちろん、ホーダの際には信じられない程の精気を吹き込んでいた。
Magic
Capoeira is an art in which the players engage with another person, show their skill, have fun, sing, move, play instruments. There are many levels to it and during the festival I saw kids play berimbau, lead the singing, interact with wit and energy in drama workshops, work hard at the drills of the sequences.
Professor Guinho told me that the kids typically learn a variety of skills - and I could see the confidence that kids had as they approached their game.
カポエイラはプレイヤー同士が織りなすアートだ、技を見せて楽しんで、動いて、楽器を鳴らし歌うのだ。様々なレベルの人がいる。祭典の中、子供たちがビリンバウを演奏し、リードを歌って、ドラマワークショップで智力と気力とを相互に生かし、次々と出てくる訓練を一所懸命こなしていた。
ギーニョ氏は子供たちは通常様々な技術を学ぶものだといった。そして、私はゲームに取りかかるとき子供たちが持っている自信をみる事ができた。
Even when I walked in on the first night, and went round the room giving the Bantus handshake to everyone, I felt very comfortable, but nervous at the same time. It was a mixture of coming home and going to a party where I didn't know anyone. They bombarded Bolinha with questions `Does everyone in Japan do karate on the street?`, `Do you have the courage to get a tongue piercing?` `Do you have kids?` `Do you do any other sports apart from capoeira?`, `Do you know X TV personality?`....They were super- charged and welcoming, supportive when I played with them in pair practice, ready to scramble round, to have a quick game to warm up, to play piggy back. These are kids who are exposed to risks that I cant begin to imagine, but in the right environment they flourish.
Professor Guinho said that he always stresses two things, participation and structure. The participation is the thing that works the magic - the capoeira form itself is incredibly versatile and can be enjoyed on many different levels by the teenagers. The changes in a teenagers attitude as they spend more time in the capoeira group are, according to Guinho, very subtle. When I looked at how they paid attention to him when he spoke in his quiet voice, without much smiling or animation, I was impressed at the depth of understanding they had. I think that a lot of this comes from the structure of capoeira, and the fact that it offers teenagers a chance to really build their awareness of others. This, plus the social skills within the mutually supportive atmosphere of his classes and the roda. He described his work as building ‘a cocoon for caterpillars to slowly and safely grow into a butterfly’.
初日に握手をして回っているときでさえ、落ち着く感じを覚えたが、同時に少し神経質にもなっていたと思う。それは、家に帰るのと、知っている人が誰もいないパーティに出かけていくのが混ざったような感覚だ。彼らはボリーニャに駆け寄って質問を浴びせた。「ねぇねぇ、日本ではみんな道で空手してるの？」「舌にピアス開けられる？「子供いるの？」「カポエイラ以外で何かスポーツしてる？」「Xテレビの人知ってる？」などなど、彼らはとても歓迎してくれて、一緒に練習するときもとても協力的だった。それに、走り回ったり、ちょっとした練習を始めたり、おんぶし合ったりしていた。そんな彼らが、危険な世界に晒されようとしているとは想像できなくなっていた、環境さえ整えば、彼らは花開くのだ！
Loss
I wanted to know how the group`s work had been perceived in the community. During the festival I heard that one member, Vesuvious, had been killed by drug traffickers. Guinho told me that the group held a roda for him to both mourn and show support to his family. He said that they wanted to honour him by having a good time, but that for two hours everyone in the roda was crying. This event brought the work of the group to the attention of the community.
Doing this kind of work is not a game. There are risks involved in making a statement about what you are going to accept from your surroundings. Drug traffickers or other people involved in crime generally do better when the majority of law-abiding people are somewhere between frightened and indifferent to what is going on.
Anyone who does capoeira finds that they toughen up. We learn to control our bodies and our minds to look, to react, and anticipate the other person and use that sense of danger to play a good game. If I lived in a place where people wanted me to be afraid, I think that capoeira would help me to see through them and make me more confident about making better choices.
The Fica Vivo project is not about turning out great capoeiristas, according to Guinho.’Before I am a capoeirista, I am a man, and I need to come home safely to my family every day`. He teaches the value of citizenship, through the values of capoeira. And this is done not through preachy seminars, not through sitting at a desk, not through any kind of role playing. The values of citizenship are taught through the roda, through jinga, through the conversation between two players and through the bigger conversation of the musicians and singing.
私はグループの活動がコミュニティでどのように受け止められているか知りたかった。祭典の間に、メンバーの一人が麻薬の密売人によって亡き者にされたのだということを聞いた。彼を悼みホーダを行い、彼の家族に悲しみと支援を示した。「みんな彼と良い時間を共有できたから彼に栄誉をあげたかったんだ。ただ、２時間あったホーダの中でみんな泣いていたよ」とギーニョ氏はいった。この事はグループの活動にコミュニティの注目を集めた。
この種の活動はゲームではない。周囲から受け入れられようとしているかについての声明に伴うりすくがある。遵法的な大多数の人が恐怖心にとらわれているか、何が行われているかに無関心な状態なので、麻薬の密売人や犯罪に関与している人は概して上手くやっている。
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カポエイラをやっている人は逞しくなる。相手を見て、予想して反応する精神と体をコントロールすることを学び、危険を察知して良いゲームを行う。もし、みんなが私を怖がらせようとする所に住んだとしたら、カポエイラは彼らを見透かし、選択を誤ることがない自信を得るのに役立つことだろう。
FicaVivoプロジェクトはただ良いカポエリスタを育てるためだけじゃない。ギーニョ氏は言う、私はカポエリスタだ、人間だ、毎日家族の待つ家に無事に帰らなければならない。
彼はカポエイラを通じ、市民として価値を教えている。それにこれは口うるさく言う必要がある。机に座ってるだけじゃ、ロールプレイングだけじゃ足りないのだ。市民の価値はホーダのなかで、ジンガのなかで、相手との無言の会話のなかで、もっと大きな歌と音楽の会話のなかで教わるものなのだ。
The gift
I wanted to know if there was anything that the group needed to help them grow in the future.
Professor Guinho did not answer this question directly, and instead focussed on what the group already has. There are, he said, five things a teenager needs that dont cost a thing. They are as follows: A smile, a handshake, a hug, structure, and friendship.
I was still thinking about money when I commented to Bolinha who was translating ‘And these are all free, right?!’. Professor Guinho looked at us, smiled, and said one thing in Portuguese. Bolinha smiled at both of us and paused before translating back: ‘They’re priceless’.
彼らが将来成長するなかでグループに何が必要かを知りたかった。
ギーニョ氏はこの問いに直接答えるとはしなかった。代わりにグループに既にあることに焦点をあてた。ティーンエイジャーに必要なことは５つあるんだと彼は続けた。それは"笑顔"、"握手"、"ハグ"、"組織"、それに"フレンドシップ"なんだ。
私は未だお金の心配をしながら、翻訳してくれているボリーニャに"これって全部無料だよね？？"と言ってみた。ギーニョ氏はこちらを見て笑顔で一言、ポルトガル語で言った。ボリーニャも私たちに笑顔を向け、一瞬の沈黙をおいて一言訳した。”子供たち以外はね"
Minholca's wonderful shots of the FICA VIVO kids with Bantus Capoeira in Brazil!
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